## Educational Essentials

\
\
Qualified small business stock (QSBS)\
\
Understand the qualified small business requirements and how to take advantage of QSBS tax treatment for eligible stock options.  
Learn more [here](/content/uk/en/learn/startups/tax-planning/qsbs/index.html).

\
\
How stock options are taxed: A complete guide\
\
Learn about stock options taxes, including the tax treatment differences between ISOs and NSOs, holding periods, exercising, and the alternative minimum tax.  
Learn more [here](/content/uk/en/learn/equity/stock-options/taxes/index.html).

\
\
How stock options work\
\
Learn the fundamentals of stock options, including the different types, how they are granted and vested, and the process for exercising and paying taxes.  
Learn more [here](/content/uk/en/learn/equity/stock-options/index.html).

\
\
Vesting: A guide to equity schedules\
\
Learn everything you need to know about vesting, including how vesting schedules work and how to structure them for your team.  
Learn more [here](/content/uk/en/learn/equity/stock-options/vesting/index.html).

\
\
Advisory shares: A founder’s guide\
\
Learn how advisory shares work for early-stage companies, and how to start issuing equity to your advisors with this comprehensive guide.  
Learn more [here](/content/uk/en/learn/startups/equity-management/advisory-shares/index.html).

\
\
A founder’s guide to the 409A valuation\
\
Learn everything you need to know about 409A valuations including what they are, when you need a valuation, valuation methodologies, and the full process.  
Learn more [here](/content/uk/en/learn/startups/equity-management/409a-valuation/index.html).